G-1819

2025-10-19 17:45

Written by ARCIMS 26 ARCIMS 26 in Sunday 2025-10-19 17:45

Analysis of Cytotoxic Effects of Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Marine Alga Eucheuma cottonii on Growth and Survival of Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y

 Mobina Mahyapour Lori 1 © ℗, Najmeh Salarpour 2, Yasaman Naseri pourtakalou 3   

 Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

 Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine,Khayyam Research Center,Kerman,Iran

 Department of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran

 Email: mobinamahyapour2006@gmail.com
 

 


 
Abstract

Title: Analysis of Cytotoxic Effects of Aqueous and Alcoholic Extracts of Marine Alga Eucheuma cottonii on Growth and Survival of Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y”Introduction: Neuroblastoma is a common extracranial solid tumor in children, originating from neural crest cells. Conventional therapies have limited efficacy and cause serious side effects, highlighting the urgent need for alternative treatments. Marine algae like Eucheuma cottonii are known to exhibit antioxidant and anticancer properties. This study aimed to compare the cytotoxic effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of E. cottonii on the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. We hypothesized that the alcoholic extract, due to its capacity to dissolve non-polar bioactive compounds more effectively, would demonstrate stronger cytotoxicity. Methods and Materials: E. cottonii was collected, shade-dried, and ground into fine powder. Aqueous and 70% ethanol extracts were obtained by maceration. SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in DMEM with 10% FBS at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ atmosphere. Cells were treated with six concentrations (0, 10, 40, 200, 400, 800 µg/mL) of each extract for 48 hours. Experiments were performed in biological triplicates. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay; absorbance was measured at 490 nm. IC₅₀ values were calculated via GraphPad Prism. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used (p 0.05). Cell morphology was examined under a Leica inverted microscope at 200× magnification. As treatments were carried out in separate 96-well plates, each had its own negative control. Cell viability percentages were determined using the mean OD of the respective plate control to reduce inter-plate variability and account for metabolic differences. Results: Both extracts demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity. For the aqueous extract, OD values were 0.78 (control), 0.77 (solvent), 0.74, 0.71, 0.64, 0.59, 0.52, with viabilities of 100.0%, 98.72%, 94.87%, 91.03%, 82.05%, 75.64%, 66.67%. For the alcoholic extract, OD values were 0.89, 0.85, 0.81, 0.76, 0.56, 0.49, 0.43, with viabilities of 100.0%, 95.51%, 91.01%, 85.39%, 62.92%, 55.06%, 48.31%. Solvent controls showed minimal toxicity. Microscopy revealed cell shrinkage, rounding, neurite retraction, and detachment, more prominent in alcoholic extract groups. IC₅₀ values were 1956.19 µg/mL (aqueous) and 649.14 µg/mL (alcoholic). A combination of 100 µg/mL aqueous and 25 µg/mL alcoholic extract reduced OD to 0.35 (~43.7% viability), indicating potential synergistic cytotoxicity. Conclusion and Discussion: E. cottonii exerts cytotoxic effects on SH-SY5Y cells, with the alcoholic extract showing greater potency, possibly due to superior extraction of lipophilic bioactives. Observed morphological alterations suggest involvement of apoptosis or oxidative stress. These findings support further investigation of E. cottonii as a potential anticancer agent. Given treatment limitations, E. cottonii extracts could be considered promising adjunctive therapies for neuroblastoma. Future studies should isolate active components, explore apoptotic pathways, and evaluate in vivo efficacy.


Keywords: Neuroblastoma, Eucheuma cottonii, SH-SY5Y, MTT assay

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