
The Impact of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes on COVID-19 Mortality among Hospitalized Patients at Isfahan Shariati Hospital
Ehsaan Haj Zargarbashi 1 ©, Fatemeh Esmaili 2, Amirali Kabirian 2 ℗
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 led to a global pandemic starting in late 2019. Although the acute phase has subsided, its adverse effects continue to impact high-risk groups, especially individuals with diabetes. Identifying prognostic factors in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with diabetes, is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on COVID-19 mortality among hospitalized cases at Isfahan Shariati Hospital. Methods and Materials: In this study, 211 deceased patients with diabetes and COVID-19 who were hospitalized were examined. Information about the patients and other clinical findings was also recorded. The data were compared using independent t-tests and the Mann-Whitney U test. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch (Ethics Code: IR.IAU.NAJAFABAD.REC.1402.185) Results: Among 680 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, 211 (31.0%) had diabetes, and their mortality rate (31.9%) was significantly higher than that of non-diabetic patients (12.7%; p 0.001). Deceased diabetic patients were mostly male (60%) and aged 40–60 years. 73.9% of patients had type 2 diabetes, and they received both oral and injectable treatments in equal measure. The highest hospitalization rate in the intensive care unit was found in patients with type 2 diabetes and uncontrolled diabetes, with more than 65% of the diabetic individuals having uncontrolled diabetes. Conclusion and Discussion: Given the poor prognosis for patients with diabetes and COVID-19, patients should be carefully evaluated, and efforts should be made to prevent and better control their diabetes. Early identification, strict glycemic control, and timely ICU admission should be administered to these individuals after contracting COVID-19 to improve patient prognosis.
Keywords: COVID-19, Diabetes, Prognosis