G-2615

Effect of acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid nano emulsion on human gastric cancer cell line

 Ahmadreza Moghadamnia ¹ ℗, Sohrab Kazemi ² ©   

 
Abstract

Background and Aim: Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone in cancer treatment, yet its efficacy is often compromised by significant side effects, including drug resistance. acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA), a natural compound isolated from the gum resin exudate from the stem of the tree Boswellia serrata, has demonstrated promising anticancer properties in various studies. This research investigates the effects of AKBA Nano-Emulsion (AKBA-NE) on the AGS gastric and KYSE-30 esophageal cancer cell lines. Methods: We developed a method for synthesizing AKBA-NE, which exhibited an average particle size of 120 nm. The cytotoxic effects of AKBA, NE and AKBA-NE were assessed using an in vitro model. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for each treatment were calculated to evaluate their effectiveness. Cytotoxicity assays were performed on AGS and KYSE-30 cells and human fibroblasts to determine selective toxicity. Additionally, flow cytometry was employed to analyze the apoptotic effects induced by these treatments in the AGS and KYSE-30 cell lines. Results: The physicochemical characterization confirmed that AKBA-NE had an average size of 120 nm, suitable for cellular uptake. The cytotoxicity results indicated that AKBA-NE exhibited enhanced potency compared to AKBA and NE (Nano-Emulsion) alone, with IC50 values of 5.22 µM for NE, 19.52 µM for AKBA, and 19.94 µM for AKBA-NE. Notably, the treatment with AKBA-NE resulted in lower cell viability compared to AKBA alone. Flow cytometric analysis revealed IC50 values of approximately 5 µM for NE, 10 µM for AKBA and 100 µM for AKBA-NE which shows significant apoptosis rate in AKBA-NE compared to AKBA and the control group, indicating that AKBA-NE enhances apoptosis in AGS and KYSE-30 cells. Conclusion: The findings suggest that AKBA-NE may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of AKBA in vitro by increasing its cytotoxic effects on gastric and esophageal cancer cells, presenting a promising strategy for improving gastric and esophageal cancer treatment outcomes while potentially reducing adverse side effects associated with higher doses of conventional chemotherapy.

Keywords: AKBA, Nano emulsion, Gastric cancer