
What is the effect of Sisymbrium (khakshir) extract Streptococcus mutans bacteria?
Alireza Nasiri 1 ℗, Zahra Alizadeh 2 ©, Monirsadat Mirzadeh 3, Ehsan Motaghifard 1
Abstract
What is the effect of Sisymbrium (khakshir) extract Streptococcus mutans bacteria? Introduction: Streptococcus mutans is considered one of the most important pathogens responsible for dental caries. Sisymbrium irio (Khakshir) is a plant with remarkable properties, including antimicrobial, anti inflammatory, and other therapeutic effects, recognized. Although chemical agents are currently available for preventing caries and treating infections, due to their side effects and antibiotic resistance, the development of plant-based antimicrobial agents seems logical. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Sisymbrium irio extract on Streptococcus mutans. Materials and Methods: This experimental laboratory study was conducted on 80 laboratory samples in 2023 at Qazvin University of Medical Sciences .The standard strain of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 1633) was obtained from the reference laboratory in Qazvin and cultured on blood agar. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Sisymbrium irio and 70% ethanol (as a solvent control) were purchased from the Research Institute of Jahad Daneshgahi in Karaj. In this study: 24 samples of aqueous extract were divided into 8 groups of three at different concentrations. 24 samples of alcoholic extract were tested. 24 samples of ethanol (solvent control) were included. 8 samples were used as controls (positive and negative). In total, 80 samples were analyzed. To determine the MIC and MBC of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts, three methods were used: 1. Microbroth dilution 2. Colony count 3. Agar well diffusion Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21 on Windows 7. The normality of data distribution was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and data were analyzed using ANOVA and post-hoc tests. A p-value 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All activities were carried out under the supervision of the faculty’s ethics committee. Findings: For the aqueous extract, in the microbroth dilution method, no bacterial growth was observed at 250 mg/mL, but growth was seen at lower concentrations. For the alcoholic extract, no growth was observed at 250 mg/mL and 125 mg/mL . In the agar diffusion method, no significant antimicrobial effect was observed for any of the tested substances. No significant difference was found between the aqueous and alcoholic extracts, except at 125 mg/mL, where the MIC was positive for the aqueous extract but negative for the alcoholic extract and ethanol. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that both aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Sisymbrium irio are effective in inhibiting and killing Streptococcus mutans. Therefore, these extracts can be utilized as antibacterial agents against Streptococcus mutans.
Keywords: Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Sisymbrium, Streptococcus mutans