G-3640

Examination of calcium and magnesium serum levels upon arrival of patients with diabetic foot ulcers referred to Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital in 2022

 Arshia Bozorgnia ¹ ℗, Ali Nikkhah ¹, Alireza Ghattan ¹, Maedeh Najafizadeh ² ©   

 
Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes and its complications, such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), can be influenced by metabolic and nutritional factors. Calcium and magnesium, as two essential elements, play crucial roles in wound healing and cellular metabolism. Previous studies have reported an association between decreased serum levels of these elements and worse outcomes, such as more severe ulcers and amputations. However, contradictory findings in some studies highlight the need for further investigation. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum calcium and magnesium levels with ulcer severity and prognosis in patients with diabetic foot ulcers. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 124 patients with diabetic foot ulcers who were admitted to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan in 2022 were randomly selected and examined. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from patients' records and analyzed using SPSS software. Chi-square test was used for categorical variables, and ANOVA was applied for continuous variables. Results: A significant association was observed between the diabetic foot ulcer grade and clinical outcomes, with the highest rate of amputations in patients with grade 5 ulcers, while no amputations occurred in those with grade 1 ulcers (P 0.001). The mean serum calcium and albumin levels were significantly lower in patients who underwent amputations compared to those with partial or full recovery (P 0.05). No significant association was found between fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, or serum magnesium levels with clinical outcomes (P 0.05). Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study indicate that serum calcium, albumin levels, and clinical ulcer grade can serve as important indicators for assessing the severity and outcomes of diabetic foot ulcers. In contrast, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and serum magnesium levels did not show a significant relationship with clinical outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive monitoring of metabolic and nutritional factors in managing patients with diabetic foot ulcers, emphasizing the need for future studies on diverse populations.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Foot Ulcers, Calcium, Albumin, Magnesium